|
With our specialise experiences, we also become representative for few world standard material supplier for the above industry and we also provide new product training to contractor and our client.
We are proud of our ability to identify high value solutions to our client's needs and look forward to providing the same value to your company.Our unparalleled experience has earned us a reputation for providing clients with the highest quality products and services available.
Why Waterproofing?
Building waterproofing is a process which is designed to prevent water from penetrating a building. Usually extensive waterproofing measures are added to a building at the time of construction, to provide moisture control from the start, and waterproofing may also be done after a building is built, to address problems as they emerge or as part of a building retrofit. Waterproofing is critical, for a number of reasons, and many contractors around the world specialize in building waterproofing, providing maintenance, restoration, and new construction services.
From the point of view of its occupants, building waterproofing is important because it keeps a building dry. It also reduces internal humidity, making a building more comfortable to work in and protecting objects inside the building from damage as a result of humidity or water exposure. However, building waterproofing is also important to the integrity of the building itself.
Water damage can be a serious issue in a structure. With water comes mold and a host of other problems which can undermine foundations, make conditions in the building unsafe, and damage property inside the building. Wooden buildings can suffer rapid decay from water exposure, but water penetration can also damage concrete and other building materials, especially in cold climates where water may freeze and cause cracks. Insufficient waterproofing can be a problem year round, not just during the rainy season.
Some permeability in a building is desired, not least because building occupants generate humidity which must be safely vented. The goal of building waterproofing is to prevent as much water as possible from entering the building, and to provide outlets and drainage so that if water does get inside, it is not allowed to sit. Surface systems include things like clapboards to protect the walls of a house, or shingles on the roof of a building. Internal measures can include membranes inside the walls, such as barrier insulation which keeps water out. Typically, building waterproofing is done in several different ways to create multiple barriers for water so that it cannot enter a structure. Together, waterproofing measures are known as "the envelope."
|
|
Cheapest
Why Concrete Repair?
All concrete structures deteriorate as the effects of structural and environmental loading take place over time. Sometimes structural upgrading may be required to provide ever higher performance for the client. Either in conditions of structural deterioration or desired upgrading, the result is that there is a requirement of repair and renovation of concrete structures to enhance their performance from current situations.
Underpinning successful repair and renovation is the need to accurately establish the nature and severity of damage, to properly assess the current structural performance and to devise appropriate repair and renovation strategies which are both economic and can be safely implemented. To enable this, diagnostic techniques need to identify clearly what has happened to a structure; however, this is often a difficult task, as there are no 'black boxes' that can record the history of the particular element. The degree of deterioration can, therefore, be both problematic and costly.
Having said this, understanding of the mechanisms of concrete deterioration and diagnostic techniques have improved greatly over recent years, and research has begun to identify, if not quantify, the underlying fundamental chemistry and materials science involved. Undoubtedly this understanding has provided new insights into the effects of degradation processes and enhanced rehabilitation methods. Alongside this, novel repair materials and methods, particularly in the field of electrochemical systems, have been developed to meet the requirements of client and infrastructure operators, both technically and economically. Sustainable construction has turned the spotlight on the way buildings and infrastructure are monitored and managed. This has led to new opportunities to re-engineer structures and a focus on end-of-life disposal. Lessons learnt from other industries are that the adoption of these strategies sharpens work practices and enhances productivity, while protecting the environment.
All of these point towards the fact that high quality processes of repair and renovation of concrete structures must be based on accurate diagnosis of damage and deterioration, proper application of novel repair materials and methods, establishment of whole-life costs and future disposal or reuse.
|
Concrete Repair Types
CONCRETE REPAIR GUIDELINES
Concrete repairs can be broken down into four basic types, plus special repairs and planing.
Note: It is recommended that investigation into soundness of pavement be performed before a project and specific repairs are decided upon. This investigation should include 'chaining' the pavement, coring and possibly milling some joints to determine the severity of deterioration, and coring near and away from joints to test for freeze-thaw durability.
Concrete Rehabilitation only addresses deficiencies in the structure of concrete pavements, it does not correct the ride.
Type A
Type A repairs consist of joint or crack resealing. These repairs include sawing or routing to prepare the concrete joint or crack faces to ensure adhesion of the sealer and to provide the proper shape factor. Joints wider than 1" may increase noise and slapping.
Type B
Type B repairs generally consist of partial depth milling or chipping to remove deteriorated or delaminated concrete and preparation and placement of the repair. Type B-2D and B-2E repairs include removal to the bottom of the pavement if necessary.
Type C
Type C repairs consist of full depth removal of the concrete at joints or cracks and preparation and placement of the repair.
Type CX repair is used in conjunction with Type C repairs if removal is required beyond the required 3'-6" (1 m) width, but less than 13 feet (4 m) total along centerline.
Type D**
Type D repair is generally used for removal and replacement of one or more concrete pavement panels. It is also used if the length of full depth repair within a panel exceeds 13 feet (4 m) along centerline. NOTE: The first 3'-6" (1 m) of a Type D repair is paid for as a Type C Repair. The Remainder, 9'-6" (3 m) or more, is paid as a Type D.
**For repairs that require early opening times, 3A32HE utilizing a type E admixture has historically worked the best. A summary of mixes and their opening times is included in the repair standards.
Dowel Bar Retrofit
The Dowel Bar Retrofit repair is used for establishing load transfer at cracks or joints. This repair may be considered when the concrete is structurally sound and the main deficiency of the pavement is load transfer. If this repair is being considered and the pavement is faulted, planing the pavement is also recommended. Contact the Concrete Office for further details and current specifications.
Concrete Planing
This intent of a Concrete Planing Repair is to improve skid resistance, reduce rutting, promote drainage, and correct the ride in concrete pavements over joints and cracks.
Incentives/Disincentive Specifications may choose to exempt large dips and bumps, to avoid excessive planing, and feather in and out of these areas.
The various repair types are generally used as follows:
Transverse Joints
Type A-1H, and A-1S for Resealing
Type B-2A, B-2B and B-3 for Partial Depth Repairs
Type B-2E, C-1, C-3AS, C-3BS, C-3D and C-3DS for Full Depth Repairs
Longitudinal Joints
Type A-5H and A-5S for Resealing
Type B-2A, B-2B, B-2C and B-3 for Partial Depth Repairs
Type B-2D, B-2E and C-1 for Full Depth Repairs
Cracks
Type A-3H, A-3S, A-4H, and A-4S for Resealing
Type B-1, B-2A and B-2B for Partial Depth Repairs
Type B-2E, C-1 and C-2 for Full Depth Repairs
Special Repairs
C-2 for repair of utility trenches
CRCP-2 for repair of beam expansion joints
Dowel Bar Retrofit for load transfer
Types of Concrete Repairs
Type A-1H
For sawing and resealing transverse contraction joints with hot pour sealant.
Type A-1S
For sawing and resealing transverse contraction joints with silicone sealant.
Type A-3H
Saw, or rout, and seal cracks, or those portions of cracks, between 1/8"(3 mm) and 1/2" (13 mm) wide with hot pour sealant. Cracks less then 1/8"(3 mm) wide are generally not repaired.
Type A-3S
Saw, or rout, and seal cracks, or those portions of cracks, between 1/8"(3 mm) and 1/2" (13 mm) wide with silicone sealant. Cracks less then 1/8"(3 mm) wide are generally not repaired.
Type A-4H
Saw, or rout, and seal cracks, or those portions of cracks, between 1/2" (13 mm) and 1"(25 mm) wide with hot pour sealant. For cracks wider than 1" (25 mm), use Repair Type B-1.
Type A-4S
Saw, or rout, and seal cracks, or those portions of cracks, between 1/2" (13 mm) and 1"(25 mm) wide with silicone sealant. For cracks wider than 1"(25 mm), use Repair Type B-1.
Type A-5H
Saw and seal/reseal non-spalled portions of untied longitudinal joints with hot pour sealant. It is not intended for tied centerline type joints.
Type A-5S
Saw and seal/reseal non-spalled portions of untied longitudinal joints with silicone sealant. It is not intended for tied centerline type joints.
Type B-1
For spalled cracks greater than 6 feet (2 m).
Type B-2A
For shallow depth of 2" - 4"" (50 mm – 100 mm ") spot surface repairs that are less than 30 square feet (3 m2). The repair may be along a joint or crack, or at any location within a panel. This repair is also used when Repair Types B-1, B-2C, B-2D or B-3 exceed the 10"(250 mm) minimum dimension because of deteriorated or delaminated concrete. Extra width to accommodate contractor's equipment shall be at contractor's expense.
Type B-2B
This repair is similar to Repair Type B-2A except that the minimum area is 30 square feet (3 m2).
Type B-2C
For spalled concrete along a longitudinal edge of a panel. It has a minimum dimension of 6 feet (2 m) along the edge and a maximum depth of T/2. If deterioration extends deeper than T/2, include Type B-2D repair.
Type B-2D
Use where deterioration along a longitudinal edge exceeds T/2 in depth. Generally, this deterioration will extend to the bottom of the pavement.
Type B-2E
For the ends of joints or cracks where the full depth deterioration, only, extends up to 18"(450 mm) from the end. Generally used in conjunction with a B-2A repair.
Type B-3
For spall repair along transverse joints. This repair may also be utilized to repair longitudinal joints, usually centerline joints that were formed with inserts.
Type C-1
For "spot" full depth repairs. The detail sheet lists a 6 foot (2 m) maximum dimension along a joint. The minimum and maximum dimensions of these repairs should be 3'-6" x 3'-6" (1 m x 1 m) and 3'-6" x 6' (1 m x 2 m) respectively. If the maximum dimension exceed 6', it is recommended to use either a C-3A, C-3AS, or C-3D.
Type C-2
Intended to repair concrete pavement over utility trenches.
Type C-3AS
For full depth repair of transverse contraction joints. It differs from the C-3A repair in that a dowel basket is used for alignment of the dowels. A C-3D repair is recommended for most repairs of this type since it is doweled at both ends, helping to ensure that at least one of the ends allows for contraction and expansion.
Type C-3BS
This repair is similar to Type C-3AS except that it is an expansion joint, not contraction.
Type C-3D
This is the preferred full depth contraction joint repair. It is doweled at both ends to help assure the repair will allow contraction and expansion.
Type C-3DS
This repair is similar to Type C-3DS except one side of the repair has an expansion joint.
Type CX
This repair is used in conjunction with Type C repairs if removal is required beyond the required 3'-6" (1 m) width, but less than 13 feet (4 m) total along centerline.
Type D-1
For full depth replacement of panels in single lanes. It is also used for full depth, partial panel repair, if the length exceeds 13 feet (4 m) along centerline.
Type D-2
For full depth replacement of panels in adjacent lanes. It is also used for full depth, partial panel repair, if the length exceeds 13 feet (4 m) along centerline.
CRCP-2
For full depth repairs of expansion joints on continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) that utilize a wide flange beam for the expansion device.
Dowel Bar Retrofit
For establishing load transfer at cracks or joints. This repair may be considered when the concrete is structurally sound and the main deficiency of the pavement is load transfer. The repair saws, or mills, slots, places dowels in the slots, then places patching material in the slots and around the dowel bars. The first dowel bar retrofit project in Minnesota was constructed in 1994 on T.H. 52 near Zumbrota. As of February 1999, there seems to be no major problems with that repair. Several other projects have been constructed in the past couple years as part of a research study and will continue to be monitored also. If this repair is being considered and the pavement is faulted, planing the pavement is also recommended. Contact the Concrete Engineering Unit for further details and current specifications.
Relief Cut
The relief cut is not a repair. It is to be used at the direction of the Engineer to prevent a pavement blowup during full depth repair operations. The relief cut consists of making a temporary 4" (100 mm) wide full depth cut prior to making a full depth repair in an adjacent tied concrete lane. The relief cut portion of the joint is then repaired after completion of the adjacent full depth repair.
|
CERTIFICATE
Forencik report From JKR
Other Certification from Europe
CONTACT
Address:
G-15, Ground Floor,
Complex Puchong Perdana,
47100, Puchong, Selangor
H/p:
Mohamad Hafiz Zolkafeli (Joe)
Project manager
017-6841855
Mohamad Zolkafeli Hasan
General manager
0192308015
Mohamad Zolkafeli Hasan
General manager
0192308015
Email: are_peace_87@rocketmail.com
emzexbinaservices@gmail.com
Facebook: Emzex Bina Services for more info n picture
please do
not hesitate to contact us, should you require further information. Thanking
you and assuring you of our best services.
